The process of analysis of microsatellite markers has become a highly automated and very efficient method of biological trace investigation. Some difficulties arise in cases where samples containing low concentrations of genetic material (LCN – low copy number traces) are subjected to analysis. The low concentrations of DNA characteristic of such traces can be caused by degradation processes or be due to the specific character of the biological trace material. This paper reviews common problems associated with profiling of biological specimens containing small amounts of DNA (< 100 pg) which are subjected to analysis with additional amplification cycles. The advisability of applying this approach to forensic casework is also discussed.